The Fifth Ecumenical Synod

The fifth Ecumenical Synod was convened at Constantinople in 553, called by Emperor Justinian with 150 bishops present. This Synod condemned the misinterpretation of the two natures of Christ, and restated the pronouncement of the two Natures of Christ in One Person. It also condemned the three theological works of Nestorius. It did not deal with any ecclesiastical order, and thus did not issue any canons. 

 

The Sixth Ecumenical Synod

The Sixth Ecumenical Synod was convened at Constantinople in 680, called by Constantine Pogonatos, with 160 bishops present.

 

Epitome of Canon 1:

No innovation upon the faith of the Apostles is to be allowed. The faith of the Nicene fathers is perfect, which overthrows through the homousion the doctrines of Arius who introduced degrees into the Godhead.

 

The Synod held under Theodosius the great shall be held inviolate, which deposed Macedonius who asserted that the Holy Ghost was a servant.

The two hundred who under Theodosius the Younger assembled at Ephesus are to be revered for they expelled Nestorius who asserted that the Lord was man and God separately.

Those who assembled at Chalcedon in the time of Marcion are to be celebrated with eternal remembrance, who deposed Entyches, who dared to say that the great mystery was accomplished only in image, as well as Nestorius and Dioscorus, observing equal things in an opposite direction.

One hundred and sixty-five were assembled in the imperial city by Justinian, who anathematized Origen, for teaching periods of bodies and souls, and Theodoret who dared to set himself up to oppose the Twelve Chapters of Cyril.

At Constantinople a Synod was collected under Constantine which rejected Honorius of Rome and Sergius, prelate of Constantinople, for teaching one will and one operation.

Cf. 6,2; 7,1

 

EPITOME of CANON 2

Whatever additions have been made through guile by the heterodox in the Apostolic Constitutions edited by Clement shall be cut out. Cf. 8,85; 4, 1; 7,1

EPITOME of CANON 3

Priests who shall have contracted second marriages and will not give them up are to be deposed. But those who leave off the wickedness, let them cease for a fixed period. For he that is himself wounded does not bless. But who are implicated in nefarious marriage and who after ordination have contracted marriage, after a definite time they shall be restored to their grade, provided they remain without offence, having plainly broken off the marriage. But if after it shall have been prohibited by this decree they attempt to do so they shall remain deposed. Cf. 8. 17,18,19; 6,26; 24,12,27

EPITOME of CANON 4

A cleric coupled to a spouse of God shall be deposed. In the case of a layman he shall be cut off. 

Cf.8,25;1,9;4,16; 6,21,40,44.45; 12,19; 13,9; 24;3,6,17,18,19,20,32,51,60,70

 

EPITOME of CANON 5

A priest, even if a eunuch, shall not have in his house a maid or other woman except those on whom no suspicion can light.

Cf. 1,3; 7,18,22; 12,19; 19,45; 24,89 

EPITOME of CANON 6

If any ordained person contracts matrimony, let him be deposed. If he wishes to be married he should become so before his ordination.

Cf. 8,26; 4,14.15; 12,13; 19,19,33 

EPITOME of CANON 7

A deacon in the execution of his office, if he shall have occasion to sit in the presence of presbyters, shall take the lowest place unless he be the representative of the Patriarch or bishop.

Cf, 1,18; 16,20

EPITOME of CANON 8

Whenever it is impossible to hold two synods a year, one at least shall be celebrated, between Easter and the month of October.

Cf. 8,37; 1, 5; 4, 19; 7,6; 15, 20; 19, 26, 81, 84, 85, 104

EPITOME of CANON 9

If clerics are forbidden to enter public houses, much more are they forbidden to keep them. Let them either give them up or be deposed.

Cf. 8, 42, 43, 54; 7,22; 16,24; 19, 18,47,69 

EPITOME of CANON 10

A bishop, presbyter, or deacon who takes usury shall be deposed unless he stops doing so.

Cf. 8, 42, 43, 54; 1, 17; 16, 4; 19, 5,20; 24, 14 

EPITOME of CANON 11

Jewish unleavened bread is to be refused. Whoever even calls in Jews as physicians or bathes with them is to be deposed. Cf. 8,7,64,70,71; 16,37,38

EPITOME of CANON 12

Although it has been decreed that wives are not to be cast forth, nevertheless that we may counsel for the better, we give command that no one ordained a bishop shall any longer live with his wife.

Cf. 8,5; 6,30,48; 14,4; 19,4,33 

EPITOME of CANON 13

Although the Romans wish that everyone ordained deacon or presbyter should put away his wife, we wish the marriages of deacons and presbyters to continue valid and firm.

Cf. 8,5; 6,30; 14,4; 19,3,4.33; 20,3; 28,5 

EPITOME of CANON 14

A presbyter thirty years of age, a deacon twenty-five, and a deaconess forty.

 

EPITOME of CANON 15

Those shall be chosen as Sub-deacons who are twenty years of age.

EPITOME of CANON 16

Whoever affirms that the number of deacons should be seven according to the saying of the Acts, should know that the reference in that passage is not to Deacons of the Mysteries but to such as serve tables.

Cf. 13.15

EPITOME of CANON 17

Whoever receives and ordains a wandering cleric shall be deposed together with him thus wickedly ordained.

Cf. 8,12,15,33; 1,15,16; 4,5,10,11.13,20,23; 7,15; 15,3,7,8,11; 16,41,42; 17,7,8,15,16,19; 19, 31,63,97,98,116 

EPITOME of CANON 18

Whoever has emigrated on account of an invasion of the barbarians, shall return to the Church to whose clergy he belongs as the incursion ceases. But if he shall not do so, he shall be cut off together with him to whom he has gone.

Cf. 8,15; 1,15,16; 4,5,10,20,23; 6,17; 7,15; 15,3; 17,15,16,19; 19,63,98 

EPITOME of CANON 19

The prelates of the Church, especially upon Lord's days, shall teach doctrine.

Cf. 8,58; 1,2,16; 16,19; 19,79,131,132,133; 22,10; 25,6 

EPITOME of CANON 20

The bishop of one city shall not teach publicly in another. If he shall be shown to have done so he shall be deprived of the episcopate and shall perform the functions of a presbyter.

Cf. 8,35; 2,2; 3,8; 15,13,22; 17,3,11,12 

EPITOME of CANON 21

Whoever is already deposed and reduced to the lay estate, if he shall repent, let him continue deposed but be shorn. But if otherwise, he must let his hair grow.

Cf. 8,25; 1,9; 6,5; 13,9; 24,3,17,32,50,70 

EPITOME of CANON 22

Whoever is ordained for pay shall be deposed together with his ordainer.

Cf. 8,29; 4,2; 3,4,5,19; 6,23; 7,4,5,19; 24,91; 31; 33

EPITOME of CANON 23 

Whoever shall demand an obolus or anything else for giving the spotless communion shall be deposed.

Cf. 8,29; 4,2; 6,22; 7,4,15,19; 24,91; 31; 33

EPITOME of CANON 24

A clergyman or monk shall be deposed who goes to horse-races, or does not leave nuptials before the players are brought in.

Cf. 8,42,43; 6,51,62,66; 7,22; 16,3,54; 19,17,70 

EPITOME of CANON 25

Rural and out of town parishes held for thirty years may be retained. But within that time there may be a controversy.

Cf. 4,17; 19,128,129,130 

EPITOME of CANON 26

A priest who has fallen into an illicit marriage and been deposed, may still have his seat, but only when he abstains for the future from his wickedness.

Cf. 8,19; 6,3; 13,2; 24,23,27,78 

EPITOME of CANON 27

A clergyman must not wear an unsuitable dress either when traveling or when at home, Should he do so, he shall be cut off for one week.

Cf. 7,16; 14,12,21 

EPITOME of CANON 28

Grapes are by some joined with the unbloody sacrifice. It is hereby decreed that no one shall for the future dare to do this.

Cf. 8,3,4; 6,32,57,99; 19,40,44 

EPITOME of CANON 29

Some of the Fathers after they had supped on the day of the Divine Supper made the offering. However, it has seemed good to the synod that this should not be done, and that the fast should not be broken upon the fifth feria of the last week of Lent, and so the whole of Lent be dishonored.

Cf. 6,69; 6,89; 16,49,50,51,52; 19,48,56; 20,1; 28,8,10

EPITOME of CANON 30

Those priests who are in churches among the barbarians, if with consent they have abstained from commerce with their wives shall never afterwards have any commerce with them in any way.

Cf. 8,5; 6,12,13,48; 14,4; 19,3,4,33 

EPITOME of CANON 31

Thou mayest not offer in an oratory in a private house without the consent of the bishop.

Cf. 8,31; 4,18; 6,34,59; 9,12,13,14,15; 14,6; 15,5; 16,58; 19,10,62 

EPITOME of CANON 32

Chrysostom, when overthrowing the heresy of the Hydroparastate, Jays: "When the Lord suffered and rose again he used wine." The Armenians, laying hold on this, offer wine alone, not understanding that Chrysostom himself, and Basil, and James used wine mixed with water; and left the tradition that we should so make the offering. If, therefore, any one shall offer wine alone, or water alone, and not the mixed (chalice) let him be deposed.

EPITOME of CANON 33

Whoever is worthy of the priesthood should be ordained whether he is sprung of a priestly line or no.And he that has been blessed un-tonsured shall not read the Holy Scriptures at the ambo.

Cf. 8,77; 7,14; 16,23; 19,22

EPITOME of CANON 34

If clerics or monks enter into conspiracies or fraternities, or plots against the bishop or their fellow clerics, they shall be cast out of their grade.

Cf. 8,31; 4,18,20; 9,13,14,15; 15,5; 19,10.62

EPITOME of CANON 35

When the bishop is dead the clergy shall guard his goods. If, however, no clergyman remains, the Metropolitan shall take charge of them until another be ordained.

Cf. 8,42; 4,22; 15,24; 19,30,89 

EPITOME of CANON 36

Let the throne of Constantinople be next after that of Rome, and enjoy equal privileges. After it, Alexandria, then Antioch, and then Jerusalem.

Cf. 8,34; 2,3; 4,28 

EPITOME of CANON 37

A bishop who, on account of the incursions of the barbarians, is not set in his throne, shall have his own chair of state, and shall ordain, and shall enjoy most firmly all the rights of the priesthood.

Cf. 8,36; 12,18; 15,17,18 

EPITOME of CANON 38

If any city is or shall be renewed by the Emperor, the ecclesiastical order shall follow the political and public example.

Cf. 4,17

EPITOME of CANON 39

The new Justinianopolis shall have the rights of Constantinople, and its prelate shall rule over all the bishops of the Hellespont to whom he has gone, and he shall be ordained by his own bishop: as the fathers of Ephesus decreed.

Cf. 8,34; 1,6,7; 2,2,3; 3,8; 4,28; 6,36; 15,9 

EPITOME of CANON 40 

A monk must be ten years old. Even if the Divine Basil thought the one shorn should be over seventeen. But although the Apostle ordains that a widow to be espoused to the Church must be sixty, yet the Fathers say a Deaconess is to be ordained at forty, the Church in the meanwhile having become stronger; so we place the seal on a monk at an earlier age.

Cf. 1,19; 4,15; 6,14; 19,6,51,135; 24,18,24 

EPITOME of CANON 41

Whoever is about to enter a cloister, let him live for three years in a monastery, and before he is shut up let him spend one year more, and so let him be shut up. And he shall not then go forth unless death or the common good demands.

EPITOME of CANON 42

An eremite dressed in black vesture and not having his hair cut, unless he has his hair cut shall be expelled the city and be shut up in his monastery.

EPIT0ME of CANON 43

Whoever flees from the surging billows of life and desires to enter a monastery, shall be allowed to do so.

Cf. 9,2: 32,37

EPITOME of CANON 44

A monk joined in marriage or committing fornication shall pay the penalty of a fornicator.

Cf. 4,16; 12,19; 24,6,18,19,20,60 

EPITOME of CANON 45

Parents shall not deck out in silks a daughter who has chosen the monastic life, and thus clothe her, for this is a recalling to her mind the world she is leaving.

Cf. 19,135 

EPITOME of CANON 46

A nun shall not go out of her convent without the consent of her superior, nor shall she go alone but with an older one of the order. It is in no case permitted to her to spend the night outside. The same is the case with a monk; he cannot go out of the monastery without the consent of the superior.

Cf. 6,47 

EPITOME of CANON 47

If is not allowed that a woman should sleep in a convent of men, nor a man in a monastery of women.

Cf. 7,18,20,22 

EPITOME of CANON 48 

She who is separated from one, about to be consecrated bishop, shall enter a monastery after his ordination, situated at a distance from the See city, and she shall be provided for by the bishop.

EPITOME of CANON 49

Monasteries built with the consent of the bishop shall not afterwards be turned into secular houses, nor shall they pass into the hands of seculars.

Cf. 4,24; 7,13 

EPITOME of CANON 50

A layman should not play at dice.

Cf. 8,42,43

EPITOME of CANON 51 

Whoso shall play as an actor or shall attend theatrical representations or hunts shall be cut off. Should he be a cleric he shall be deposed.

Cf. 6,24,62,66; 19,17,70 

EPITOME of CANON 52

Throughout the whole of Lent except upon the Lord's Day, the Sabbath, and upon the day of the Annunciation, the pre-sanctified gifts shall be offered.

Cf. 8,69; 16,49,51 

EPITOME of CANON 53

Godfathers cannot be permitted to be married with the mother of their godchildren. If any one is so joined, let him do penance after separation

EPITOME of CANON 54

Thou shalt not permit the marriage of a son of a brother to the daughter of a brother; nor with a daughter and her mother shall there be the marriage of a son and his father; neither a mother and a daughter with two brothers; nor brothers with two sisters. But should anything of this sort have been done, together with separation, penance shall be done for seven years.

Cf. 24, 27, 68, 87

EPITOME of CANON 55

The Romans fast the Sabbaths of lent. Therefore this Synod admonishes that upon these days the Apostolical canon is of force.

Cf. 8, 66

EPITOME of CANON 56

Armenians eat eggs and cheese on the Sabbaths in Lent. It is determined that the whole world should abstain from these. If not let the offender be cast out.

Cf. 8,69; 14,19

EPITOME of CANON 57

No one should offer honey or milk at the altar.

Cf. 8,3,4; 6,28; 19,44

EPITOME of CANON 58

A layman shall not communicate himself. Should he do so, let him be cut off for a week.

EPITOME of CANON 59

In oratories built in houses they shall not celebrate baptism. Whoever shall not observe this, if a cleric he shall be deposed, if a layman he shall be cut off.

Cf. 6,31; 9,5,12; 16,58

EPITOME of CANON 60

Whoever shall pretend to be possessed by a devil, shall endure the penance of demoniacs

Cf. 8,79; 28,2,3,15 

EPITOME of CANON 61 

Whoever shall deliver himself over a hecatontarch or to devils, so as to learn some secret, he shall be put under penance for six years. So too those who take around a bear, who join themselves with those who seek incantations and drive away the clouds, and have faith in fortune and fate, shall be cast out of the assembly of the Church.

Cf. 12,22; 16,36; 24,7,65,72,83; 25,3 

EPITOME of CANON 62 

Let these be taken away from the lives of the faithful, viz.: the Bota, and the Calends, and the Brumalia, and salutations in honor of the gods, and comic, satyric and tragic masks, and the invocation of Bacchus at the wine press, and the laughing at the wine jars. Whoever shall persist in these after this canon shall be liable to give an account.

Cf. 6,24,51,66; 16,53,54; 19,17,69; 14,13

EPITOME of CANON 63 

Martyrologies made up by the ethnics shall not be published in church.

Cf. 7,9

EPITOME of CANON 64 

A layman shall not teach, for all are not prophets, nor all apostles.

EPITOME of CANON 65 

The fires which were made upon the new moons at the workshops are condemned and those who leaped upon them.

EPITOME of CANON 66 

The faithful shall every one of them go to church during the whole week after Easter.

Cf. 6,22,51; 19,17,69,70; 15,2; 16,53,54 

EPITOME of CANON 67 

A cleric eating blood shall be deposed, but a layman shall be cut off.

Cf. 9,63; 14,2 

EPITOME of CANON 68 

Thou shall not destroy nor hand over copies of the Divine Scriptures to be destroyed unless they are absolutely useless.

EPITOME of CANON 69 

No layman except the Emperor shall go to the Altar.

Cf. 16,44 

EPITOME of CANON 70 

Women are not permitted to speak in church.

EPITOME of CANON 71 

Whoever devotes himself to the study of law, uses the manner of the Gentiles, going to the theatre, and rolling in the dust, or dressing differently to custom, shall be cut off.

EPITOME of CANON 72 

A marriage contracted with heretics is void. But if they have made the contract before (conversion) let them remain Cunited) if they so desire. Cf. 4,14; 16,31; 19,29 

EPITOME of CANON 73 

If there is a cross upon a pavement it must be removed.

EPITOME of CANON 74 

Agape are not to be held in the churches, nor shall beds be put up. Whoso refuse to give up these, let them be cut off.

Cf. 6,76,97

EPITOME of CANON 75 

Inordinate vociferation of the psalms is not allowed, nor he that adopts things unsuited to the churches.

Cf. 16,15

EPITOME of CANON 76 

A public house should not be established within the sacred precincts; and it is wrong to sell food there;.and whosoever shall do so shall be cut off.

Cf. 6,74,88,96;. 16,28 

EPITOME of CANON 77 

A Christian man shall not bathe with women. Should a cleric do so he is to be deposed, and a layman cut off.

Cf. 16,30 

EPITOME of CANON 78 

He that is illuminated is to recite the faith on the fifth feria of the week.

Cf. 16,45,46,47 

EPITOME of CANON 79 

Whoever after the feast of the Mother of God shall prepare (semilam) or anything else on account, of what is called puerpeia, let him be cut off.

EPITOME of CANON 80 

If anyone without the constraint of necessity, leaves his church for three Lord's days, he shall be deprived of communion.

Cf. 17,11 

EPITOME of CANON 81 

Whoever adds to the hymn Trisagion these words "Who wast crucified” shall be deemed heterodox.

EPITOME of CANON 82 

Thou shalt not paint a lamb for the type of Christ, but himself.

EPITOME of CANON 83 

The Sacraments must not be given to a dead body.

Cf. 19,25 

EPITOME of CANON 84 

Whoever do not know nor can prove by documents that they have been baptized, let them be christened.

Cf. 19,80 

EPITOME of CANON 85 

A slave manumitted by his master before two witnesses shall be free.

Cf. 8,82; 4,4; 14,3; 19,73,90; 24,40,42 

EPITOME of CANON 86 

Whoever gathers together harlots to the ruin of souls, shall be cut off.

Cf. 24,9 

EPITOME of CANON 87 

She who goes from her husband to another man is an adultress. And he who from his wife goes to another woxnan is an adulterer according to the word of the Lord.

Cf. 8,48; 12,20,28; 19,113; 24,9,29,35.37,77; 28,15 

EPITOME of CANON 88 

Cattle shall not be led into the holy halls, unless the greatest necessity compels it.

Cf. 6,74; 16,28

EPITOME of CANON, 89 

On the Great Sabbath the fast must be contined until midnight.

Cf. 20,1 

EPITOME of CANON 90 

From the evening entrance of the 'Sabbath until the evening entrance of the Lord's day there must be no kneeling.

Cf. 1,20; 22,15 

EPITOME of CANON 91 

Whoever gives or receives medicine to produce abortion is a homicide.

Cf. 12,21,22,23; 24,2,8; 25,5; 23,Ammoun, 32,20 

EPITOME of CANON 92 

Those who run away with women, and those who assist and give a hand, if they be clerics they shall be deposed, if laymen they shall be anathematized,

Cf. 4,27; 12,11; 24,22,30,38,42,53 

EPITOME OP CANON 93

A woman who when her husband does not turn up, before she is certain he is dead, takes another commits adultery. But when the man returns he may receive her again, if he so elects.

Cf. 24,31,36,46 

EPITOME of CANON 94 

Whoever uses Gentile oaths, is worthy of punishment, for he is cut off.

Cf. 24,10,29,81 

EPITOME of CANON 95 

Thus we admit those converted from the heretics. We anoint with the Holy chrism, upon brow, eyes, nostrils, mouth, and ears, Arians, Macedonians, Novatians (who are called Cathari), Aristerians (who are called Quartadecimans or Tetradite), and Apollinarians when they anathematize every heresy; and sign them with the cross as we say, "The Seal of the gift of the Holy Ghost. Amen."

Cf. 1,19; 24,47 

EPITOME of CANON 96 

Whoever twist up their hair into artistic plaits for the destruction of the beholders are to be cut off.

EPITOME of CANON 97 

Whoever in a temple has commerce with his wife and remains there out of contemp4 shall be expelled even from the Catechumens. If any one shall not observe this he shall be deposed or cut off.

Cf. 6,74 

EPITOME of CANON 98 

He is an adulterer who takes one espoused to some one else.

EPITOME Of CANON 99 

There are some who like the Jews cook meat in the holy places. Whoever permits this, or receives aught from them, is not fit to be priest. But if any one should of his own free choice offer it, then he might receive as much as the offerer chose to give him, provided the offer were made outside the church.

Cf. 8,3

EPITOME of CANON 100 

Pictures which induce impurity are not to be painted. Whoso shall transgress shall be cut off.

EPITOME of CANON 101 

Whoever comes to receive the Eucharist holds his hands in the form of a cross, and takes it with his mouth; whoever shall prepare a receptacle of gold or of any other material instead of his hand, shall be cut off.

EPITOME of CANON 102 

The character of a sin must be considered from all points and conversion expected. And so let mercy be meted out.

Cf. 1,12; 24,3

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Seventh Ecumenical Synod in Constantinople in Trullo, in 692

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